Niemann-Pick Type C2

Niemann-Pick disease type C2 protein (NPC2) is also known as epididymal secretory protein E1 and human epididymis-specific protein 1 (HE1). NPC2 is a intracellular cholesterol transporter which acts in concert with NPC1 and plays an important role in the egress of cholesterol from the endosomal/lysosomal compartment. Both NPC1 and NPC2 function as the cellular 'tag team duo' (TTD) to catalyze the mobilization of cholesterol within the multivesicular environment of the late endosome (LE) to effect egress through the limiting bilayer of the LE. Also,NPC2 binds unesterified cholesterol that has been released from LDLs in the lumen of the late endosomes/lysosomes and transfers it to the cholesterol-binding pocket of the N-terminal domain of NPC1. Furthermore,the secreted form of NCP2 regulates biliary cholesterol secretion via stimulation of ABCG5/ABCG8-mediated cholesterol transport.