NK Cell Immune Checkpoint Targets for Immunotherapy Research

NK cells are key effector cells of the innate immune system. Their activity is regulated by activating and inhibitory checkpoints.
NK cells can directly eliminate tumor or virus-infected cells without prior antigen priming. Their ability to distinguish "self" from "non-self" is mediated through a diverse repertoire of surface receptors, including:
Inhibitory Receptors: Maintain self-tolerance and prevent damage to healthy tissues. Key targets: Inhibitory KIRs, LILRs, NKG2A
Activating Receptors: Promote NK-cell cytotoxicity against stressed, infected, or malignant cells. Key targets: Activating KIRs, NKG2D, NCRs (NKp30, NKp46, NKp44)
KIRs are key immune checkpoint receptors on NK cells, and KIR-targeted monoclonal antibodies for NK cell therapies are widely studied.
Schematic of NK cell cytotoxicity types and functions against tumors

Schematic of NK cell cytotoxicity types and functions against tumors

Dysregulation of NK cell immune checkpoint pathways is associated with cancer and autoimmune diseases. Targeted mAbs and cell therapies are in clinical development, with combination therapies showing strong therapeutic potential.
Application Key Targets Mechanism Representative Drugs
Solid Tumors NKG2A&CD94、NKG2A、KIRs、LILRB1、LILRB2、LILRB4、MICA Block inhibitory signaling and enhance NK/T-cell killing Monalizumab (Innate Pharma, AstraZeneca), Lirilumab (Innate Pharma, BMS), AK150 (Akeso Biopharma), etc.
Hematologic Malignancies KIRs、NKp46、LILRB4、MICA Enhance immune cytotoxicity and restore antitumor immune surveillance Lirilumab (Innate Pharma, BMS), SAR445514 (Sanofi), SAR-443579 (Sanofi), MK-0482 (Merck)
Other Diseases NKp46 Promote clearance of pathological amyloid deposits SAR445514 (Sanofi)
ACROBiosystems Solutions for NK Cell Checkpoint Research
To support NK cell immune checkpoint-targeted therapies development, ACROBiosystems offers a comprehensive portfolio of NK cell immune checkpoint proteins covering KIR, LILR, NKG2 and NCR families.
Our high-quality proteins, available in multiple species and tag formats, support immunoassays, antibody screening, receptor-ligand interaction analysis, and mechanistic studies. We also provide functional cell lines validated for >20 passages to support antibody discovery and NK cell therapy development.

Product Features

Proteins

High purity (MALS/HPLC verified)

Multi-species, multi-tag options

High bioactivity validated by ELISA/SPR/FACS

Strict QC for batch consistency

Cell Lines

Mechanism-of-action–driven design

Stable passage over 20+ generations

High sensitivity, strong signal, and broad detection window

Clinical declaration and CMC document support

Applications

Antibody screening and characterization

Receptor-ligand interaction analysis

NK cell functional assays

Immune checkpoint mechanism studies

NK cell therapy development

Translational immunology research

Validation Data

NKG2A&CD94 Heterodimer Verified by SEC-MALS
NKG2A&CD94 Heterodimer Verified by SEC-MALS

The purity of Human NKG2A&CD94, Fc Tag (Cat. No. NC4-H5257) is more than 95% and the molecular weight of this protein is around 125-145 kDa verified by SEC-MALS.

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High Bioactivity of NKG2A&CD94 Verified by ELISA
High Bioactivity of NKG2A&CD94 Verified by ELISA

Immobilized Human NKG2A&CD94, Mouse IgG2a Fc Tag (Cat. No. NC4-H5253) at 2 μg/mL (100 μL/well) can bind Monoclonal Anti-NKG2A (Z270), Human IgG1 with a linear range of 0.2-8 ng/mL (QC tested).

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KIR2DL3-Lirilumab Binding Activity Verified by ELISA
KIR2DL3-Lirilumab Binding Activity Verified by ELISA

Immobilized Human KIR2DL3, Fc Tag (Cat. No. KI3-H5258) at 1 μg/mL (100 μL/well) can bind with a linear range of 0.2-8 ng/mL (QC tested).

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High Bioactivity of NKp46 Verified by ELISA
High Bioactivity of NKp46 Verified by ELISA

Immobilized Human NKp46, His Tag (Cat. No. NC1-H52H4) at 1 μg/mL (100 μL/well) can bind Anti-NKP46 Antibody, Human IgG1 with a linear range of 0.2-4 ng/mL (QC tested).

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NKp44 and PDGF-DD Binding Activity Verified by ELISA
NKp44 and PDGF-DD Binding Activity Verified by ELISA

Immobilized PDGF-DD Protein, Human at 5 μg/mL (100 μL/well) can bind Human NKp44, Llama IgG2b Fc Tag (Cat. No. NC2-H5258) with a linear range of 0.008-0.25 μg/mL (Routinely tested).

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LILRB1 and HLA-G&B2M&Peptide Binding Activity Verified by SPR
LILRB1 and HLA-G&B2M&Peptide Binding Activity Verified by SPR

Biotinylated Human HLA-G&B2M&Peptide (RIIPRHLQL) Complex Protein (Cat. No. HLM-H82E4) captured on Biotin CAP-Series S Sensor Chip can bind Human LILRB1, His Tag (Cat. No. CDJ-H52H4) with an affinity constant of 10.8 μM as determined in a SPR assay (Biacore 8K) (Routinely tested).

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KIR2DL2 and HLA-C*07:02:01&B2M&RYR Binding Activity Verified by SPR
KIR2DL2 and HLA-C*07:02:01&B2M&RYR Binding Activity Verified by SPR

Biotinylated Human HLA-C*07:02:01 & B2M & RYR,His,Avitag™&Tag Free (Cat. No. HLR-H52W2) immobilized on SA Chip can bind Human KIR2DL2, Fc Tag (Cat. No. KI2-H5255) with an affinity constant of 1.01 μM as determined in a SPR assay (Biacore 8K) (Routinely tested).

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LILRA1 and ANGPTL7 Binding Activity Verified by BLI
LILRA1 and ANGPTL7 Binding Activity Verified by BLI

Loaded Biotinylated Human LILRA1, His,Avitag (Cat. No. LI1-H82E8) on SA Biosensor, can bind Human ANGPTL7, His Tag with an affinity constant of 0.204 μM as determined in BLI assay (ForteBio Octet Red96e) (Routinely tested).

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Activity of PE-Labeled NKp46 Antibody Verified by FACS
Activity of PE-Labeled NKp46 Antibody Verified by FACS

Flow cytometric analysis of HEK293/Human NKp46 Stable cells staining with PE-Labeled Monoclonal Anti-Human NKp46 Antibody, Mouse IgG1 (4E5) (Cat. No. FABm041-01) at 1:20 dilution (5 μL of the antibody stock solution corresponds to labeling of 1e6 cells in a final volume of 100 µL), compared with isotype control antibody. PE signal was used to evaluate the binding activity (QC tested).

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HEK293/Human LILRB3 Stable Cell Line Verified by FACS
HEK293/Human LILRB3 Stable Cell Line Verified by FACS

Expression analysis of human LILRB3 on HEK293/Human LILRB3 Stable Cell Line (Cat. No. CHEK-ATP159) by FACS. Cell surface staining was performed on HEK293/Human LILRB3 Stable Cell Line or negative control cell using PE-labeled anti-human LILRB3 antibody.

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HEK293/Human NKp46 Stable Cell Line Verified by FACS
HEK293/Human NKp46 Stable Cell Line Verified by FACS

FACS analysis of NKp46 on HEK293/Human NKp46 Stable Cell Line (Cat. No. CHEK-ATP153). FACS assay shows that Biotinylated anti-NKP46, Human IgG1 | Human Kappa can bind to HEK293/Human NKp46 Stable Cell Line. HEK293/Human NKp46 Stable Cell Line was red line, Negative control HEK293 cells was grey line (QC tested).

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Resource download

Clinical Drug Information

英語名ResearchCode研究開発ステージ会社適応症臨床試験
LirilumabIPH-21; NN-1975; IPH-2101; IPH-2102; BMS-986015Phase 2 ClinicalNovo Nordisk A/SBone Marrow Neoplasms; Hodgkin Disease; Leukemia; Leukemia, Biphenotypic, Acute; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Multiple Myeloma; Neoplasms; Smoldering Multiple Myeloma; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
詳細
BRY-805BRY805; BRY-805Phase 1 ClinicalHisun Biopharmaceutical Co Ltd, Zhejiang BioRay Biopharmaceuticals Co LtdSolid tumours
詳細
XB-628XB628Phase 1 ClinicalExelixis IncNeoplasms; Solid tumours
詳細
HY000102HY-0102; HY-000102Phase 2 ClinicalShanghai HyaMab Biotech Co LtdPancreatic Neoplasms; Solid tumours
詳細
S-095029S-095029Phase 2 ClinicalInstitut De Recherches Internationales ServierCarcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Esophageal Neoplasms; Gastroesophageal Junction Neoplasms; Microsatellite instability-high cancer; Mismatch Repair Deficient Cancer; Solid tumours; Stomach Neoplasms
詳細
BMS-986315BMS-986315Phase 2 ClinicalBristol-Myers Squibb CompanyCarcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Solid tumours
詳細
MonalizumabNNC-0141-0000-0100; NNC 0141-0000-0100; IPH-22XX; IPH-22; NN-8765; IPH-2201Phase 3 ClinicalNovo Nordisk A/SArthritis, Rheumatoid; Bone Marrow Neoplasms; Breast Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell; Colorectal Neoplasms; Esophageal adenocarcinoma; Esophageal Neoplasms; Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma; Genital Neoplasms, Female; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Hematologic Neoplasms; Inflammation; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Myelodysplastic Syndromes; Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma; Solid tumours; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck; Stomach Neoplasms; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
詳細
NKG2D CAR-T cell therapy (Uwell Biopharma)UWN2DClinicalUwell BiopharmaNeoplasms
詳細
Anti-NKG2D chimeric antigen receptor natural killer cell therapy (Hangzhou Cheetah Cell Therapeutics)ClinicalLeukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Ovarian Neoplasms
詳細
NKG2D CAR-T Cell therapy (Yake Biotechnology)Phase 1 ClinicalShanghai YaKe Biotechnology Co LtdColorectal Neoplasms; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute
詳細
Anti-NKG2D CAR-T cell therapy (CNK Cell Therapeutics)Phase 1 ClinicalHangzhou CNK Therapeutics Co LtdPancreatic Neoplasms; Solid tumours
詳細
Anti-NKG2D CAR-NK cells therapy (CNK Cell Therapeutics)Phase 1 ClinicalCNK Cell Therapeutics Co LtdSolid tumours
詳細
anti-NKG2D CAR NK-cell therapy (Xinxiang Medical University)Phase 1 ClinicalXinxiang Medical UniversitySolid tumours
詳細
NKG2D CAR-T CellPhase 1 ClinicalHangzhou Cheetah Cell Therapeutics Co LtdColorectal Neoplasms; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Neoplasm Metastasis; Ovarian Neoplasms
詳細
NKG2D-ACE2 CAR-NK cell therapy (Sidemu Biotechnology Technology)Phase 2 ClinicalChongqing Sidemu Biotechnology Technology Co LtdCoronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19); Hematologic Neoplasms
詳細
TesnatilimabIPH-2301; IPH-23XX; JNJ-4500; JNJ-64304500; NNC-0142-002; NNC-0142-0002; NNC-0142-0000-0002; NN-8555Phase 2 ClinicalInnate PharmaAlopecia Areata; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Celiac Disease; Crohn Disease; Inflammation
詳細
SAR-443579SAR-443579; SAR443579; SAR'579; IPH6101; IPH-6101Phase 1 ClinicalSanofiBlastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm; Hematologic Diseases; Leukemia, B-Cell; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Myelodysplastic Syndromes; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma
詳細
IPH-6501IPH-6501; IPH-65Phase 2 ClinicalInnate Pharma SALymphoma, Follicular; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Neoplasms
詳細
NY-303NY-303Phase 2 ClinicalNAYA Biosciences IncCarcinoma, Hepatocellular; Solid tumours
詳細
anti-ILT3 CAR-T Therapy(Carbiogene)Phase 1 ClinicalCarbiogene Therapeutics Co LtdLeukemia, Myeloid, Acute
詳細
NGM-831NGM-831Phase 1 ClinicalNGM Biopharmaceuticals IncBreast Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell; Cholangiocarcinoma; Colorectal Neoplasms; Esophageal Neoplasms; Melanoma; Mesothelioma; Ovarian Neoplasms; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Prostatic Neoplasms; Solid tumours; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck; Stomach Neoplasms; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
詳細
BND-35BND-35; BND35Phase 1 ClinicalBiond Biologics LtdNeoplasms; Solid tumours
詳細
YTS-104LILRB4 STAR-T; YTS-104Phase 1 ClinicalBeijing Qingyi Taike Pharmaceutical Technology Co Ltd, China Immunotech Co LtdLeukemia, Myeloid
詳細
anti-ILT3 CAR T-cell therapy (Carbiogene Therapeutics)Phase 1 ClinicalCarbiogene Therapeutics Co LtdLeukemia, Myeloid, Acute
詳細
IO-202IO-202Phase 1 ClinicalYiming Biomedical Technology (Hangzhou) Co LtdLeukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic; Solid tumours
詳細
MK-0482MK-0482Phase 2 ClinicalMerck Sharp & Dohme CorpCarcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic; Neoplasms; Sarcoma; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck
詳細
ES-009ES-009Phase 1 ClinicalElpiscience (Shanghai) Biopharma LtdNeoplasms; Solid tumours
詳細
CDX-585CDX-585; BSI-585Phase 1 ClinicalBiosion Inc, Celldex TherapeuticsCarcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell; Cholangiocarcinoma; Colorectal Neoplasms; Esophageal Neoplasms; Fallopian Tube Neoplasms; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Liver Neoplasms; Ovarian Neoplasms; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Peritoneal Neoplasms; Solid tumours; Stomach Neoplasms
詳細
BMS-986406BMS-986406; ONO-7226Phase 1 ClinicalBristol-Myers Squibb CompanyNeoplasms
詳細
CHS-1000CHS-1000Phase 1 ClinicalCoherus Biosciences IncSolid tumours
詳細
AK-150 (Akeso)AK150; AK-150Phase 1 ClinicalSolid tumours
詳細
NGM-707NGM-707Phase 2 ClinicalMerck & Co, NGM Biopharmaceuticals IncBreast Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Cholangiocarcinoma; Colorectal Neoplasms; Esophageal Neoplasms; Glioblastoma; Melanoma; Mesothelioma; Ovarian Neoplasms; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck; Stomach Neoplasms; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
詳細
OR-502OR502; OR-502Phase 2 ClinicalOncoResponse IncCarcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasms; Skin Melanoma; Solid tumours
詳細
SPX-303SPX-303Phase 2 ClinicalSparX Biopharmaceutical CorpBreast Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Colorectal Neoplasms; Gastroesophageal Junction Neoplasms; Melanoma; Solid tumours; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck; Stomach Neoplasms
詳細
MK-4830MK-4830Phase 2 ClinicalAgenus IncCarcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial; Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous; Esophageal Neoplasms; Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma; Ovarian Neoplasms; Solid tumours
詳細
IO-108IO-108Phase 2 ClinicalYiming Biomedical Technology (Hangzhou) Co LtdLiver Neoplasms; Solid tumours
詳細
PolzastobartJTX-8064Phase 2 ClinicalJounce Therapeutics IncNeoplasms
詳細
AGEN-1571AGEN-1571Phase 1 ClinicalAgenus IncNeoplasms; Solid tumours
詳細
LB-LR1109LB-LR1109; LR-19155; LR19155Phase 1 ClinicalLg Chemical LtdCarcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell; Melanoma; Neoplasms; Solid tumours; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck
詳細
AK-150 (Akeso)AK150; AK-150Phase 1 ClinicalSolid tumours
詳細
IOS-1002ios-H2Phase 1 ClinicalImmunOs Therapeutics AGHematologic Neoplasms; Solid tumours
詳細
ZamristobartBND-22; SAR-444881Phase 2 ClinicalBiond Biologics LtdNeoplasms; Solid tumours
詳細
NGM-707NGM-707Phase 2 ClinicalMerck & Co, NGM Biopharmaceuticals IncBreast Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Cholangiocarcinoma; Colorectal Neoplasms; Esophageal Neoplasms; Glioblastoma; Melanoma; Mesothelioma; Ovarian Neoplasms; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck; Stomach Neoplasms; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
詳細
  • Background
  • Product Features
  • Applications
  • Product List
  • Validation Data
  • Related Product Recommendations
  • Resource download
  • Clinical Drug Information
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